Factors that elevate HDL concentrations include chronic alcoholism, treatment with oral estrogen replacement therapy, extensive aerobic exercise,
and treatment with niacin, statins, or fibrates. On the other hand, smoking reduces levels of
HDL cholesterol, while quitting smoking leads to a rise in the plasma HDL level. HALP from genetics is considered primary and HALP resulting from environmental issues is considered secondary. HALP is more prevalent in women at a rate of 7.