Adverse effects of IFN therapy on the kidney include proteinuria and rarely nephrotic syndrome or acute and chronic renal failure. The
mechanism of renal injury is unclear although an immune
mechanism is suggested. Sporadic cases
of other immune-mediated side effects have been published. These include dermatological adverse effects manifesting as psoriasis, pemphigus and vitiligo, and also rare cases of sarcoidosis, hepatitis, colitis or cryoglobulinemia.