Animal and human data have revealed evidence of embryolethality
and teratogenicity associated with angiotensin converting enzyme (
ACE)
inhibitors. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy. Congenital malformations have been reported with the use of ACE inhibitors during the first trimester of pregnancy, while fetal and neonatal toxicity, death, and congenital anomalies have been reported with the use of ACE inhibitors during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.