In concordance, VDR expression and activity are associated with immunity against certain infections and with the prevalence ofsome autoimmune diseases. In animal
models 1,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to prevent
development of autoimmune diseases. This includes experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for MS (Mayne et al., 2011). EAE studies performed in VDR-KO animals (Bouillon et al., 2008) or in animals with a dysfunctional VDR (Mayne et al.