They make an incision in the artery and remove
the plaque, usually along with
the inner layer
of artery tissue. Over time and on anti coagulants, you grow a new artery lining. This procedure is low risk and there is a low risk of stroke during the procedure. The biggest risk is damage to the nerves running alongside the artery, but with techniques today this is rare.
If you are considered an non ideal patient for this procedure then Stenting using Angioplasty is the second option.