These effects are believed to be caused by dental procedures, infection, demyelinating diseases, or compression of the
trigeminal nerve (by an impinging vein or artery, a
tumor, or arterio-veinous malformation). An interesting aspect is that this form affects both men and women equally and can occur at any age, unlike typical trigeminal neuralgia, which is seen most commonly in women. Though TN and ATN most often present in the fifth decade, cases have been documented as early as infancy.