Ritalin (methylphenidate), Concerta (a long lasting capsule form of
methylphenidate), Dexedrine (dextroamphetamine), Adderall (a mixture of
amphetamines) and Cylert (pemoline) are sometimes called "stimulants". When prescribed for people who have ADHD, they stimulate the frontal parts of the brain which are not inhibiting ("filtering out") distractions as well as they should. The medications work similarly to caffeine. They are not tranquilizers or sedatives.