Approximately 10 years ago, percutaneous
ethanol injection (PEI) was proposed as an alternative to RAI
for the treatment of solitary, autonomous thyroid nodules.[66] Since then, PEI has also been used to treat nonfunctioning solid and cystic nodules.[67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74] Injection of 95% ethanol produces nodule shrinkage secondary to coagulative necrosis and thrombosis of small intranodular blood vessels.