A small amount of protein normally is present in urine and may be detected
in concentrated urine. Many false positive
protein tests occur, especially with alkaline urine.
The protein test detects mainly albumin. Physiologic (prerenal) proteinuria may result from excessive muscular exertion, convulsions, or excess protein ingestion. Pathologic proteinuria may be prerenal (hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria), renal (glomerular or tubular), or postrenal (urogenital hemorrhage or inflammation).