If the heart has pathologically enlarged with heart muscle disease, the heart walls thicken and loses its
flexibility. Sometimes ablation (surgically remove growth) is performed. The enlargement can be due to valve stenosis, mitral valve regurgitation, tortuous aorta, etc.
Minimal enlargement can indicate an athlete's heart where the left ventricle is enlarged and a normal consequence of a healthy efficient heart ( resting heart rate below 60 bpm).