Other injectables may have included fentanyl (an opioid with a half life of 20 minutes), and perhaps
propofol (again, short acting sedative medication), however,
propofol is being used less
and less in this type of procedure.
The local anesthetic used at the injection site is usually a combination of bupivacaine (Marcaine) and a small fraction of epinephrine to constrict blood vessels to minimize bleeding or absorption of anesthetic.